FROM CHATBOTS TO COMPANIONS: THE ROLE OF AI-AVATARS IN ADDRESSING MENTAL HEALTH CARE GAPS

Abstract

Purpose-This paper explores the role of artificial intelligence (AI)-driven avatars in addressing gaps in mental health care delivery. While chatbots and conversational agents have been increasingly adopted for basic mental health support, recent advancements in AI-enabled avatars present new opportunities for empathetic interaction, personalized care, and scalable service delivery. The purpose of this study is to examine how digital avatars can evolve from simple chat interfaces to companions that enhance mental health care accessibility and quality.

Design/Methodology/Approach- A narrative review methodology was employed, synthesizing evidence from computer science, clinical psychology, and health innovation literature. Studies published between 2000 and 2024 were reviewed to assess the effectiveness, challenges, and adoption of AI-driven mental health interventions. Innovation management frameworks, including the Diffusion of Innovations and the Technology Acceptance Model, were applied to understand adoption dynamics and identify barriers to implementation.

Findings -The review reveals that AI avatars have the potential to close critical mental health care gaps by increasing accessibility, reducing stigma, and offering continuous, low-cost support. Compared to text-based chatbots, avatars provide richer engagement through facial expressions, gestures, and adaptive communication, thereby fostering trust and therapeutic alliance. However, challenges remain in terms of clinical validation, ethical considerations, data privacy, and integration into existing health care systems. Adoption is further influenced by organizational readiness, patient trust in AI, and evolving regulatory frameworks.

Originality/Value -This paper is among the first to position AI avatars within the context of mental health innovation, emphasizing their transition from functional tools to digital companions. By integrating insights from health sciences and innovation management, it contributes to both theoretical and practical understanding of digital transformation in mental health. The findings underscore the importance of cross-disciplinary collaboration to ensure that AI avatars are designed, implemented, and regulated in ways that prioritize patient well-being and long-term sustainability.